What is Face and Jaw (Maxillofacial) Surgery?
Face and jaw surgery, also known as oral and maxillofacial surgery, is a type of surgical procedure that focuses on treating conditions, injuries, and defects in the head, neck, face, jaw, and mouth. This area of surgery encompasses a broad range of surgical procedures that are performed to correct both functional and cosmetic issues.
Maxillofacial surgery is performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons who have specialized training in both dentistry and surgery. These professionals work in collaboration with other healthcare providers, such as neurosurgeons, plastic surgeons, and otolaryngologists, to provide comprehensive care for patients.
Some common conditions that may require face and jaw surgery include facial trauma, facial deformities, jaw misalignment, and facial infections. The surgery may involve realigning or reshaping the jaw, repairing facial fractures, removing tumors, or reconstructing damaged facial bones.
In addition to treating medical conditions, maxillofacial surgery can also be used to improve the appearance of the face and jaw. Cosmetic procedures may include chin implants, jaw contouring, and facelifts.
What Are the Different Types of Face and Jaw Surgery?
Common maxillofacial surgery procedures include:
Orthognathic Surgery: This type of surgery is used to correct misaligned jaws and improve bite function. Orthognathic surgery involves cutting and reshaping the jawbone to realign it in a more optimal position.
Facial Trauma Surgery: This type of surgery is used to treat injuries to the face, such as fractures, lacerations, and soft tissue damage.
Dental Implant Surgery: Dental implant surgery involves placing artificial teeth roots into the jawbone to support replacement teeth.
Reconstructive Surgery: This type of surgery is used to repair defects in the head and neck area caused by birth defects or trauma.
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Surgery: TMJ surgery is used to treat problems with the jaw joint that cause pain, discomfort, and limited movement.
Sleep Apnea Surgery: This type of surgery is used to treat sleep apnea by removing excess tissue from the throat to improve airflow during sleep.
How Long Does It Take to Recover From Maxillofacial Surgery?
The healing process following jaw surgery can vary depending on the individual patient and the extent of the surgery performed.
Immediately After Surgery
After maxillofacial surgery, you’ll be moved to a recovery room where your vital signs will be monitored until you wake up from anesthesia. The anesthesia can take several hours to wear off, and during this time, you may feel groggy, nauseous, or disoriented. Pain and swelling are common after surgery, and your surgeon will prescribe pain medication to manage discomfort.
First Few Days
During the first few days after surgery, you’ll need to rest and limit your activities. Your diet will likely be limited to soft, bland foods that are easy to chew and swallow. You may have difficulty speaking or opening your mouth wide, and your face may be swollen and bruised. Applying ice packs to your face for 20 minutes at a time can help reduce swelling.
First Few Weeks
After the first few days, you’ll begin to feel better, but you still need to take it easy. Avoid strenuous activities, and don’t lift heavy objects. You may be able to return to work or school within a week or two, depending on the type of surgery and your overall health. You may still experience pain, but your surgeon will adjust your medication as needed.
First Few Months
Over the first few months, you’ll gradually resume your normal activities. However, you should still avoid contact sports or any activity that could result in facial trauma. Your surgeon may recommend physical therapy to help restore normal function to your jaw, particularly if you’ve had jaw surgery. Your surgeon will schedule follow-up appointments to monitor your progress and make sure you’re healing properly.
In general, it can take several weeks to several months to recover fully from maxillofacial surgery. By following your surgeon’s postoperative instructions and attending all scheduled follow-up appointments, you can help ensure a smooth recovery and minimize your risk of complications.
What Are the Risks and Potential Complications Associated with Face and Jaw Surgery?
As with any surgery, there are risks and potential complications associated with these procedures. These risks may include;
- Pain and discomfort
- Swelling
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Nerve damage
- Scarring
- Malocclusion
- Anesthesia risks
When Is Revision Face and Jaw Surgery Necessary?
Revision face and jaw surgery, also known as secondary or corrective surgery, may be necessary when the initial surgery did not achieve the desired results or when complications arise.
There are various reasons why revision surgery may be necessary. One common reason is that the initial surgery did not adequately correct the underlying issue. For example, in the case of jaw surgery, the initial surgery may not have corrected a misaligned jaw, leading to ongoing problems with chewing, speaking, or breathing.
Another reason for revision jaw surgery is when complications arise from the initial surgery. Complications can include infection, excessive bleeding, nerve damage, or implant failure. If these issues are severe, revision surgery may be necessary to address them and minimize further damage.
Revision surgery is typically more complex and requires a higher level of expertise than the initial surgery. The surgeon must account for the changes made during the initial surgery and address any remaining issues or complications. This may involve a longer recovery time and a more intensive rehabilitation process.
In some cases, revision surgery may not be necessary if the issue can be addressed through non-surgical means, such as physical therapy or orthodontic treatment. However, if the issue is significant and impacting daily life, revision surgery may be the best option.
Which Age Is Best for Face Surgery?
There is no specific age that is considered the best for face surgery, as it can depend on a variety of factors such as the individual’s overall health, specific concerns they want to address, and their goals for the procedure. In general, many facial procedures are performed on patients who are in their 30s to 50s, although some may choose to have surgery earlier or later in life. It is important for patients to consult with a qualified and experienced plastic surgeon to discuss their individual needs and determine the best timing for their procedure.
Can Face and Jaw Surgery Be Performed on Children and What Are The Risks?
While it is more commonly performed on adults, in certain cases, it may be necessary to perform this type of surgery on children as well.
One common reason for maxillofacial surgery in children is to correct a birth defect or a facial deformity caused by injury or disease. For example, cleft lip and palate, a condition in which the upper lip and roof of the mouth fail to develop properly, is often corrected through maxillofacial surgery. Other conditions that may require surgery in children include facial trauma and jaw misalignment.
While maxillofacial surgery can be performed on children, there are some risks associated with the procedure. One of the main concerns is the impact of surgery on a growing child’s facial development. The bones and tissues of a child’s face are still developing, and surgery could potentially disrupt this process. Additionally, anesthesia can be more challenging in children, as their bodies are still developing and may not tolerate the medication as well as an adult’s body.
How Much Does Face and Jaw Surgery Typically Cost?
The cost of face and jaw surgery can vary widely depending on the specific procedure, the surgeon’s experience and location, the type of anesthesia used, and any additional costs such as facility fees or post-operative care. In general, it can range from $15,000 to $50,000. It is important to consult with a qualified surgeon to discuss the specific procedure and associated costs.
Face and Jaw (Maxillofacial) Surgery FAQ
How Painful Is Jaw Surgery?
Jaw surgery can cause discomfort and pain, which can vary depending on the individual and the surgery. The surgeon will prescribe pain medication to help manage the pain during the recovery period.
What Should I Expect During the Face and Jaw Surgery Procedure?
During the procedure, the patient will be under general anesthesia, so she or he will not feel any pain. The surgeon will make incisions in the mouth or on the face to access the jawbone, and then reposition and secure it in the desired position. The length and complexity of the procedure will vary depending on the individual case.
Is Jaw Surgery a Major Surgery?
Yes, jaw surgery is considered a major surgery because it involves altering the structure of the jawbone, which can affect the function and appearance of the face. It typically requires general anesthesia and a significant recovery period.
Is Face and Jaw Surgery Insurance Coverage Available?
Insurance coverage for face and jaw surgery will depend on the individual’s insurance plan and the specific reason for the surgery. If the surgery is considered medically necessary to correct a functional problem, insurance may cover some or all of the costs. However, if the surgery is purely cosmetic, it is unlikely to be covered by insurance. It is important to check with the insurance provider to understand what is covered under the policy.
How Do I Prepare for Face and Jaw Surgery?
Your surgeon will give you specific instructions to follow before your surgery, including what medications to avoid and when to stop eating and drinking. It is important to follow these instructions closely to ensure a safe and successful procedure. You may also be advised to arrange for someone to drive you home after the surgery and to have someone stay with you for the first few days of recovery.
What Are Some Common Myths and Misconceptions About Face and Jaw Surgery?
One common myth is that the recovery from face and jaw surgery is extremely painful and long. While there may be some discomfort and swelling, modern techniques and pain management options make the recovery period much more manageable than it used to be. Another misconception is that the surgery will drastically change your appearance, but in reality, most procedures are designed to enhance your natural features rather than completely altering them.
How Can I Find A Qualified Face and Jaw Surgeon?
It is important to do your research and choose a surgeon who is board-certified and has experience performing the specific procedure you are considering. So, it is a good idea to schedule a consultation with us today!
